A Level History - America - Practice Exam

Why was the Second New Deal introduced by FDR?

1. To focus solely on industrial recovery

2. To respond to increasing criticism from both the left and right

3. To eliminate the influence of lobbyists

4. To reduce federal spending

The correct answer is: To respond to increasing criticism from both the left and right

The introduction of the Second New Deal by Franklin D. Roosevelt was largely a response to growing criticism from various political factions, particularly the left and the right. The initial New Deal, which started in 1933, aimed to provide relief and recovery during the Great Depression, but by 1935, many were dissatisfied with the pace of economic recovery and the effectiveness of existing programs. Progressives and some within Roosevelt’s own party felt that the New Deal was not doing enough to address the needs of the American people, particularly in terms of social justice and financial reform. Figures such as Huey Long and Francis Townsend were vocal about their belief that the New Deal needed to expand its focus to better support those hardest hit by the economic crisis. At the same time, conservatives criticized the New Deal for what they perceived as excessive government intervention in the economy and a challenge to traditional freedoms. Thus, the Second New Deal aimed to incorporate more progressive reforms and address these criticisms. It included initiatives like the Social Security Act and the Wagner Act, which sought to enhance workers' rights and provide social safety nets. This response to the diverse pressures and criticisms from both ends of the political spectrum ultimately shaped the new policies that defined the Second New Deal.