A Level History - America - Practice Exam

What was a significant motivation for US expansionism in the Far East?

1. To establish a military presence in Asia

2. To acquire resources such as guano

3. To support local rebellions in China

4. To colonize Japan

The correct answer is: To acquire resources such as guano

Acquiring resources such as guano was indeed a significant motivation for U.S. expansionism in the Far East. During the late 19th century, guano, which is rich in nitrogen and used as a fertilizer, became a critical resource for agricultural production in the United States. The U.S. sought to secure sources of guano to enhance its agricultural output and ensure food security at home. This was part of a broader trend of resource-driven expansionism, where nations sought to exploit foreign lands for their natural resources. In the context of the Far East, American interest in small islands for guano deposits led to the annexation of places such as the Midway Atoll in 1867. This resource quest was intertwined with the broader economic interests of the U.S. as it aimed to become a global power by not only expanding its territory but also securing vital commodities needed for its growing economy. Thus, the desire for resources like guano not only propelled military and diplomatic actions but also laid the groundwork for further American involvement in the Pacific region.