A Level History - America - Practice Exam

What was a consideration behind America's decision to expand its influence in the late 19th century?

1. Overpopulation in the United States

2. The desire for agricultural development

3. The need for new markets for trade

4. Defensiveness from European powers

The correct answer is: The need for new markets for trade

The answer reflects a significant factor in America's decision to expand its influence in the late 19th century. As industrialization progressed, the United States experienced a surge in production capacity, which led to a pressing need for new markets to absorb surplus goods. Expanding influence through imperialistic policies allowed the U.S. to create and tap into these new markets, fostering economic growth and enhancing its global presence. During this period, American leaders and businessmen recognized the importance of accessing foreign markets, particularly in Asia and Latin America. The concept of "Manifest Destiny" evolved from a focus on continental expansion to one that included overseas ambitions, emphasizing economic motivations and the pursuit of new trade opportunities. While overpopulation and agricultural development were considerations in certain contexts, they were not as central to the driving forces behind expansion as the quest for new markets. The concern about defensiveness from European powers was also relevant but motivated more by the desire to secure trade routes and investment opportunities rather than an immediate defensive reaction. Thus, the push for new markets stands out as a primary influence in the U.S. expansionist strategies of the late 19th century.