A Level History - America - Practice Exam

What event characterized the National Railroad Strike of 1877?

1. Workers demanded an end to child labor

2. A pay cut was announced leading to widespread violence

3. A serious decline in railroad construction

4. Formation of the American Federation of Labor

The correct answer is: A pay cut was announced leading to widespread violence

The National Railroad Strike of 1877 was marked by a significant event in labor history involving widespread unrest and violence that stemmed from a pay cut. The strike began when railroad companies, particularly the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, announced wage reductions for workers due to economic difficulties following the Panic of 1873. This decision ignited anger among the workforce, leading to strikes that escalated into violent confrontations between workers, law enforcement, and militia forces. The situation escalated as protests spread across multiple states, resulting in some of the most intense clashes in American labor history. This turbulent period highlighted the deepening conflicts between labor and capital, showcasing the desperation of workers facing economic hardships and a growing demand for better treatment and working conditions. The strike not only illustrated the immediate grievances over wages but also set the stage for future labor movements in the United States. Understanding this event is crucial as it serves as a pivotal moment in the labor movement, emphasizing the struggles and challenges that workers faced during the late 19th century.